Deagglomeration of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of melamineformaldehyde, naphthaleneformaldehyde, lignosulfonate plasticizers
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the best material for reinforcing matrices of different nature due to the unique high specific strength characteristics and size form factor (the ratio of length to diameter), which is > 103. One of the most inexpensive and productive CNT production methods is the method of catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). If the catalyst is successfully chosen, this method gives CNTs of good quality and purity (virtually no amorphous carbon). However, CNTs grow as intertwined agglomerates. Efficacy reinforcement matrix, including building materials, is determined by the degree of a homogeneous distribution of CNTs. This can be achieved of previously obtaining stable dispersion of CNTS in the liquid. Deagglomeration has been studied of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) in aqueous melamineformaldehyde, naphtaleneformaldehyde, lignosulfonate plasticizers used in buildings mixes, and their dispersions have been obtained of different stability. The influence of the solid phase of CNT on the aggregative stability of aqueous suspensions plasticizer-CNT has been shown. Suspension based on melamineformaldehyde solution with 1.0 wt. % CNT was stable in time. Suspensions based on solution of naphtaleneformaldehyde containing 0.5 and 1.0 wt. % CNT were practically stable too. It has been revealed enlargement of particles of lignosulfonate plasticizer with increasing content of CNT; their presence in an amount of 0.5-1.5 wt. % destabilize the stock solution. It has been found that the polydispersity coefficient for systems «plasticizer-CNT» is markedly different from the value at which the suspension is considered monodisperse.References
1. Copeland L.E., Kantro D.L., Verbeck G. Chemistry of hydration of Portland cement. Bulletin. Portland cement association. 5420 Old Orchard Road Skokie, Illinois. 1960. 153(1): 429.
2. Copeland L.E., Kantro D.L. The chemistry of cements. (London: Academic Press, 1964).
3. Bye G.C. Portland cement: composition, production and properties. (London: Thomas Telford Ltd., 2009).
4. Ryzhov A.S., Pocelueva L.N. Nanomodified magnesian schungite protective concrete. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2010. 2(12): 49.
5. Krestinin A.V. Problems and prospects of development of the industry of carbon nanotubes in Russia. Russian Nanotechnologies. 2007. 2(5–6): 18.
6. Korolev E.V., Bahzenov Yu.M., Beregovoi V.A. Modifying the construction materials with carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. Building Materials. 2006. 8: 2.
7. Khuzin A.F., Gabidullin M.G., Badertdinov I.R., Rakhimov R.Z., Abramov F.P., Yumakulov R.E., Nizembaev A.Sh., Perepelica E.M. Complex additives based on carbon nanotubes for rapid hardening high strength concrete. News of the KSUAE. Building materials and products. 2013. 1(23): 221.
8. Ferro G., Tulliani J.-M., Musso S. Carbon nanotubes cement composites. In: Convegno Nazionale IGF XXI. (June 13–15, 2011, Cassino (FR), Italia). P. 49.
9. Devyatkov N.D., Golant M.V., Betskiy O.V. Millimetrovyye volny i ikh rol' v protsessakh zhiznedeyatel'nosti. (Moscow: Radio and communication, 1991). [in Russian].
10. Grigorov Y.B., Pustovoyt M.A., Gnidenko Yu.P., Berezhnov B.V., Sokur S.A. Medical aspects of the problem of bioenergoinformation influence on the human organism. International Medical Journal. 2005. 11(3): 115.
11. Gapeev A.B., Chemeris N.K. Mekhanizmy biologicheskogo deystviya elektromagnitnogo izlucheniya krayne vysokikh chastot na kletochnom urovne. Biomedical technology and electronics. 2007. 2–4: 44.
12. Krause A.P. Ph.D. Thesis. (University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 2012).
13. Patent RF 2281262. Krutikov V.A., Didik A.A., Yakovlev G.I., Kodolov V.I., Shuklin S.G. Arrangement for construction materials. 2006.
14. Ponomarev A.N. High-quality concrete. Analysis of possibilities and practice of using methods of nanotechnology. J. Constr. Eng. 2009. 6: 25.
15. Yudovich M.E., Ponomarev A.N., Gareev S.I. Surface-active properties of nanomodificated plasticizer. Constr. Mater. 2008. 3: 2.
16. Perfilov V.A., Alatortseva U.V., Dmitruk M.I., Zhoga I.L. Application of modifying nanoadditives for increased strength of fiber concrete. Proceedings of the universities. Construction. 2009. 8: 17.
17. Coleman J.N., Khan U., Blau W.J., Gun'ko Y.K. Small but strong: A review of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Carbon. 2006. 44(9): 1624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2006.02.038
18. Rausch J., Zhuang R.C., Mader E. Surfactant assisted dispersion of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in acqueous media. Composites Part A. 2010. 41: 1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.03.007
19. Vaisman L., Wagner H.D., Marom G. The role of surfactants in dispersion of carbon nanotubes. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006. 128–130: 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2006.11.007
20. Kim H.-S., Park W.I., Kang M., Jin H.-J. Multiple light scattering measurement and stability analysis of aqueous carbon nanotube dispersions. J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 2008. 69(5–6): 1209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.10.062
21. Bystrzejewski M., Huczko A., Lange H. Dispersion and diameter separation of multi-wall carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010. 345(2): 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.01.081
22. Zhao L., Gao L. Stability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersion with copolymer in ethanol. Colloids Surf., A. 2003. 224(1–3): 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7757(03)00155-9
23. Strano M.S., Moore V.C., Miller M.K., Allen M.J., Haroz E.H., Kittrell C. The role of surfactant adsorption during ultrasonication in the dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes. J. Nanosci. Nanotech. 2003. 3(1–2): 81. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2003.194
24. Wypych G. Hand book of Plasticizers. (Toronto, New York: Chem. Tec. Publishing., 2004).
25. Izotov V.S., Sokolov Yu.A. Khimicheskiye dobavki dlya modifikatsii betona: monografiya. (Moskva: Kazanskiy Gosudarstvennyy arkhitekturno-stroitel'nyy universitet: Izdatel'stvo «Paleotip», 2006). [in Russian].
26. Vauchsky M.N. Napravlennoye formirovaniye uporyadochennoy nadmolekulyarnoy kristallogidratnoy struktury gidratirovannykh mineral'nykh vyazhushchikh. Bulletin of Civil Engineers. 2005. 2(3): 44. [in Russian].
27. Yudovich M.E., Ponomarev A.N. Nanomodification of plasticizers. The regulation of their properties and strength properties of cast concrete. Stroyprofil. 2007. 6: 49.
28. materials, the equipment, technologies of XXI century. 2007. 3(98): 69.
29. https:// www.spf.ccr.ru , https://www.stroy-press.ru. Stroyprofil. 2009. 7(77): 13.
30. TU U 24.1-03291669-009:2009.
31. Sementsov Yu.I., Melezhik A.V., Prikhod'ko G.P. Sintez, struktura, fiziko-khimicheskiye svoystva nanouglerodnykh materialov. Physical Chemistry of Nanomaterials and Supramolecular Structures. (Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 2007). [in Russian].
32. Kovalska E.O. Ph.D (Chem.) Thesis. (Kyiv, 2013). [in Ukrainian].
33. Patent UA 17387, C01B11/00 D01F9|12. Yanchenko V.V., Kovalenko O.O., Sementsov Yu.I., Melezhik O.V. Method for preparation of catalysts of carbon nanotubes chemical precipitation from gas phase. 2006.
34. Ovcharenko M.S. Ph.D. Thesis. (Sumy, 2013). [in Ukrainian].
35. SementsovYu.I., AlekseevaT.A., PyatkovskyM.L. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) deagglomeration and nanocomposite polymer/CNT production. Hydrogen materials science and chemistry of carbon nanomaterials Mater. conf., ICHMS. (August 25–31, 2009, Yalta, Ukraine). P. 784.
36. Scott E. McNeil Characterization of Nanoparticles Intended for Drug Delivery. (Humana Press, 2011).
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.