Modification of the surface of pharmaceutical glass containers by dealkalization under plant conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/hftp17.03.347Keywords:
glass containers, structure, dealkalization, surface, modification, chemical resistance, productionAbstract
The pharmaceutical packaging market has been analyzed and the demand for glass containers for packaging pharmaceutical products has been found, taking into account high sanitary-hygienic and operational requirements. The prospects for using the method of dealkalization of the surface of glass containers to increase chemical resistance have been elucidated. The methods of the surface dealkalization of glass containers were analyzed depending on the type and modification mechanisms, and the features of their application were also determined. The composition of glass containers for pharmaceutical purposes has been developed under production conditions and it has been found that ensuring a polycationic effect for the composition of industrial glass container is an important factor in increasing their chemical resistance. The technological parameters of glass surface modification with ammonium sulfate and 1,1-difluoroethane have been determined.
The change in the structure of the glass surface after its dealkalization depending on the type of reagent was investigated. Changes in the content of elements on the glass surface after dealkalization were determined depending on the depth of penetration and its chemical resistance. The dependence of the change in the content of elements on the glass surface on the modification and the chemical resistance of its surface were determined.
The mechanism of dealkalization of glass by a reagent has been justified, which consists in the leaching of alkaline cations during the reaction of reagents with glass and their inclusion in the products: Na2SO4 crystals after treatment with ammonium sulfate, H2[SiF6]·4H2O crystals after treatment with 1,1-difluoroethane. A comparative assessment of the change in the structure and chemical composition of glass containers after dealkalization with sulfate and fluoride compounds was carried out. It has been found that dealkalization of glass containers with 1,1-difluoroethane allows to significantly increase the chemical and hydrolytic resistance compared to the original glass, which indicates the prospects of using the specified method in the production of competitive glass containers for pharmaceutical purposes. The use of modern equipment for neutralizing the products of the process of the surface dealkalization of glass containers with 1,1-difluoroethane allows ensuring the implementation of the principles of environmentally sustainable production.
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