Композиційні суспензії на основі продуктів піролізу

V.V. Zinin; O.V. Shkutkova; I.V. Kornienko; A.S. Makarov; R.E. Klishchenko

doi:10.15407/hftp17.02.265

Authors

V.V. Zinin Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies / LLC “Liquid Carbo”
O.V. Shkutkova A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
I.V. Kornienko A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
A.S. Makarov A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
R.E. Klishchenko A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15407/hftp17.02.265

Keywords:

composite suspensions, pyrolytic carbon black, liquid pyrolysis product, apparent viscosity, rheological and sedimentation properties, FTIR spectrometry, XRD analysis

Abstract

The development of composite suspension fuels based on secondary energy carriers represents a promising research direction. The use of liquid products derived from the pyrolysis of automobile tires or thermoplastics enables the incorporation of high-ash coal beneficiation sludges and other low-calorific solid fuels. Composite suspension fuels produced on this basis are unsuitable for direct combustion; however, the introduction of easily flammable substances into such systems resolves this limitation. The technical characteristics of pyrolytic carbon black, both in its initial form and mixed with liquid pyrolysis products, were examined. Surface properties of pyrolytic carbon black were analyzed using FTIR and XRD. It has been determined that pyrolytic carbon black obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 400–450 °C contains amorphous–turbostratic carbon. Mineral phases of quartz, calcite, and wurtzite were identified in the pyrolytic carbon black. A comparative analysis of the IR spectrum of pyrolytic carbon black with spectra of technical carbon, which constitutes a significant fraction of automobile tires, was conducted. The study demonstrated that fragments of styrene–butadiene rubber or its derivatives remain preserved on the surface of pyrolytic carbon black derived from tire pyrolysis. The pyrolytic carbon black sample also contains impurities of sulfur, oxygen, and residual ash (metals and oxides), originating from fillers and additives in rubber tires. Residual functional groups were identified, including carbonyl (C=O) and oxygen-containing groups such as ethers, phenols, and alcohols, which indicate the high reactivity of the carbon material.

Agglomerates of pyrolytic carbon black mixed with liquid pyrolysis products were obtained with the following composition: 64 wt % dispersed pyrocarbon, 26 wt % process water, and 10 wt % liquid pyrolysis products. It has been found that the water content during the agglomeration stage is a decisive factor influencing the rheological properties of composite suspensions derived from them. The sedimentation stability of pyrolytic carbon black agglomerates with liquid pyrolysis products exceeds 14 days, which is attributed to the affinity between the surface layers of pyrolytic carbon black particles and the molecules of liquid pyrolysis products. The operational characteristics of the obtained composite suspensions based on pyrolysis products allow them to be recommended as composite fuels for liquid-fuel boilers.

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